BASE JUMPING

BASE jumping is a sport involving the use of a parachute to jump from fixed objects. "BASE" is an acronym that stands for the four categories of fixed objects from which one can jump:

Building
Antenna (an uninhabited tower such as an aerial mast)
Span (a bridge or arch)
Earth (a cliff or other natural formation)

An experienced skydiver is recommended to deploy their parachute no lower than 2,000 feet (600 m). At that time, if they have already been in free-fall for at least 1,000 feet (300 m), the jumper is traveling 120 miles per hour (54 m/s), and is 11 seconds from the ground. Most BASE jumps are made from less than 2,000 feet (610 m). For example, a BASE jump from a 500 foot (150 m) object is about 5.6 seconds from the ground if the jumper remains in freefall. On such a jump, the parachute must open at about half the airspeed of the skydiver, and more quickly (ie. in a shorter distance fallen). Standard skydiving parachute systems are not designed for this situation, so BASE jumpers use specially designed harnesses and parachute containers, with extra large pilot chutes, and jump with only one parachute—since there would be no time to use a reserve parachute.

Once you’ve hurled yourself off a building, bridge cliff and antenna, you can apply for your very own BASE number – the goal of most jumpers. Base-1 was awarded to Phil Smith of Houston, Texas in 1981. The 1000th application for a BASE number was filed in March 2005 by Matt Moilanen of Kalamazoo, Michigan

Through the availability of specialized equipment and wider knowledge of techniques, base jumping is safer today than in the early days, though fatalities and injuries still occur. Some deaths through ground impact in free fall or object strike do occur, but most incidents are due to hazardous landing sites or other problems which develop after the parachute has opened. Because of the covert nature of much of BASE jumping, no reliable figures are available to assess the statistical risks of the activity.

Between 1981 and 2007 there have been at least 117 fatalities within people assigned base numbers in the sport. (http://www.splatula.com/bfl/)

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